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《西西里晚祷》(法语：Les vêpres siciliennes、意大利语：I vespri siciliani)是一部由朱塞佩·威尔第作曲的五幕大歌剧。歌剧的脚本是又由夏尔·杜韦里埃(Charles Duveyrier)和尤金·斯克利伯(Eugène Scribe)所作的《阿尔巴公爵 (Le duc d'Albe)》[1]，并由他们二人亲自将脚本套入1282年西西里晚祷起事的背景，从而制成这套歌剧的辞本。该剧于1855年6月13日于巴黎歌剧院首演，并作为当年巴黎世界博览会的一项主要活动。
如同威尔第所作的《唐·卡洛斯》一般，意大利语的辞本很快被制备。但为防意大利地区审查当局的干涉，该歌剧在各地以不同名字上演。在帕尔玛大公剧院和米兰斯卡拉大剧院的1856乐季，该剧是以《Giovanna de Guzman》之名上演的，而在1858年的那不勒斯，该剧的名字却成了《Batilde di Turenna》。1860年，两西西里归并萨丁尼亚，后成为意大利王国，该剧自此得以在意大利以《西西里晚祷 (I vespri siciliani)》之名上演。[2]
主要角色[编辑]
剧情简介[编辑]
外部链接[编辑]
备注[编辑]
- ^ Michael Kennedy, The Oxford Concise Dictionary of Music 2004, ISBN 0198608845
- ^ Portale Giusseppe Verdi 资料
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Les vêpres siciliennes (The Sicilian Vespers) is an opera in five acts by the Italian romantic composer Giuseppe Verdi set to a French libretto by Charles Duveyrier and Eugène Scribe from their work Le duc d'Albe. It is based on a historical event, the Sicilian Vespers of 1282, using material drawn from the medieval Sicilian tract Lu rebellamentu di Sichilia.[1] It was first performed at the Paris Opéra on 13 June 1855.
The Italian version: I vespri siciliani[编辑]
As was later to happen with Verdi's Don Carlos, which was also based on a French libretto, an Italian libretto was quickly prepared under Verdi's supervision by the poet Ettore Caimi with the title, Giovanna de Guzman [2]. It was first performed at the Teatro Regio, Parma on December 26, 1855.
Verdi was aware that in Italy at that time, it would have been impossible to place the story in Sicily[3] but, based on Scribe's suggestions for changing the location[4], it became Portugal in 1640 while under Spanish control.
Performance history[编辑]
Because the original version never entered the established repertory, Verdi attempted to aid its revival at the Paris Opéra on 6 July 1863 by revising some of the roles for selected singers. However, after a few performances, the opera disappeared and was replaced by the French version of Il trovatore, Le trouvère. Except for one revival in Paris in 1863, "it vanished from the Parisian stage altogether" [4]
In the 1855/1856 season, the Italian version of opera - without the ninety-minute ballet - was performed nine times and, after 1861, it reverted to its original name.[4] Thus, in modern times, it is most often performed in Italian under the title I vespri siciliani.
Roles[编辑]
| Role | Voice type | French version: Premiere Cast, 13 June 1855[5] (Conductor: - ) |
Italian version: Premiere Cast, 26 December 1855 La Fenice, Venice (Conductor: - ) |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR: Guy de Montfort, Governor of Sicily under Charles d'Anjou, King of Naples / IT: Michele de Vasconcello, A Portuguese quisling[4] |
baritone | Marc Bonnehée | |
| Le Sire de Béthune, a French officer | bass | M. Coulon | |
| Le Comte de Vaudemont, a French officer | bass | M. Guignot | |
| FR: Henri, a young Sicilian / IT: Enrico |
tenor | Louis Gueymard | |
| FR: Jean Procida, a Sicilian doctor / IT: Don Giovanni Ribera Pinto, a Portuguese captain |
bass | Louis-Henri Obin | |
| FR: La Duchesse Hélène sister of Duke Frederick of Austria / IT: Giovanna de Guzman (originally Helena) |
soprano | Sophie Cruvelli | |
| Ninetta, her maid | contralto | Mme Sannier | |
| Daniéli, her servant | tenor | M. Boulo | |
| Thibault , a French soldier | tenor | M. Aimes | |
| Robert, a French soldier | baritone | M. Marie | |
| Mainfroid, a Sicilian, adherent of Procida | tenor | M. Koenig |
Synopsis[编辑]
- Place: Palermo, Italy
- Time: 1282
Act 1[编辑]
Palermo's main square
Tebaldo, Roberto, and other French soldiers have gathered in front of the Governor's palace. As they offer a toast to their homeland, they are observed by the local Sicilians, unhappy with the occupation.
Elena enters dressed in mourning for her executed brother. The group demands that she entertain them, but her song only incites the Sicilians to rebellion against the occupiers. When the governor, Monteforte, enters the crowd calms down. Then Arrigo announces that that he has been released from prison. Alone with Arrigo, Montforte offers him a position with the French as long as he stays away from Elena. He refuses, and immediately follows Elena in to the palace.
Act 2[编辑]
Beside the sea
Act 3[编辑]
Scene 1: Montforte's palace
Scene 2: A ball at montforte's palace
Act 4[编辑]
A prison
Act 5[编辑]
The gardens of Montforte's palace
Noted arias[编辑]
- "Viens à nous, Dieu tutélaire" (Deh! tu calma, o Dio possente) - Hélène in Act I
- "Dans l'ombre et le silence" (Nell'ombra e nel silenzio) - Jean Procida in Act II
- "Et toi, Palerme" (O tu Palermo) - Jean Procida in Act II
- "Au sein de la puissance" (In braccio alle dovizie) - Guy de Montfort in Act III, Scene 1
- "O jour de peine" (Giorno di pianto) - Henri in Act IV
- "La brise souffle au loin" (La brezza aleggia intorno) - Henri in Act V
- "Merci, jeunes amies" (Mercé, dilette amiche) - Hélène in Act V
Notable adaptations[编辑]
Selected recordings[编辑]
| Year | Cast (Elena, Arrigo, Montforte, Procida) |
Conductor, Opera House and Orchestra |
Label | Version |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1969 | Jacqueline Brumaire Jean Bonhomme Neilson Taylor Stafford Dean |
Mario Rossi, BBC Concert Orchestra, BBC Chorus |
Audio CD: Opera Rara Cat: ORCV303 |
Les vêpres siciliennes (French) |
| 1974 | Martina Arroyo Plácido Domingo Sherrill Milnes Ruggero Raimondi |
James Levine, New Philharmonia Orchestra, John Alldis Choir |
Audio CD: Victor Red Seal Cat: |
I vespri siciliani (Italian) |
| 1975 | Montserrat Caballé Plácido Domingo Franco Bordoni Justino Diaz |
Eve Queler, Teatro del Liceo Orchestra and Chorus |
Audio CD: MRF Records Cat: MRF-128 |
I vespri siciliani (Italian) |
| 1990 | Cheryl Studer Chris Merritt Giorgio Zancanaro Ferruccio Furlanetto |
Riccardo Muti, Teatro alla Scala |
Audio CD: EMI Cat: CDS 7 54043-2 |
I vespri siciliani (Italian) |
| 1990 | Cheryl Studer Chris Merritt Giorgio Zancanaro Ferruccio Furlanetto |
Riccardo Muti, Teatro alla Scala |
DVD: Image Entertainment Cat: ID4361PUDVD |
I vespri siciliani (Italian) with Act 3 ballet |
Note: "Cat:" is short for catalogue number by the label company; "ASIN" is amazon.com product reference number.
Notes[编辑]
- ^ Clifford R. Backman (2002), The Decline and Fall of Medieval Sicily: Politics, Religion, and Economy in the Reign of Frederick III, 1296–1337 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press), 6.
- ^ "I now know what it means to translate and I feel sympathy for all bad tranlation that are around because it is impossible to make a good one", Verdi to Giulio Ricordi 6 June 1865 in Budden, p.238 (see below)
- ^ "I shall...(change) the subject so as to render it acceptable for Italian theatres", Letter from Verdi to Ricordi, 29 April 1855, quoted in Budden, p. 238 (see below)
- ^ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Budden, pp.238/240, see below
- ^ List of singers taken from Budden,p.168 (see below)
Paris Opéra
References[编辑]
- Budden, Julian, The Operas of Verdi, Vol. 2, London: Cassell, 1978 ISBN 030431059X
External links[编辑]
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